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doc:reseau:wpasupplicant [15/09/2013 09:34] captnfab [Configuration d'un réseau WPA avec WPA Supplicant] |
doc:reseau:wpasupplicant [13/09/2018 20:21] Beta-Pictoris |
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Ligne 1: | Ligne 1: | ||
- | ====== Configuration d'un réseau WPA avec WPA Supplicant ====== | + | ====== wpa-supplicant : configuration wifi ====== |
* Objet : Configuration d'un réseau WPA avec WPA Supplicant | * Objet : Configuration d'un réseau WPA avec WPA Supplicant | ||
- | * Niveau requis : {{tag>débutant}} | + | * Niveau requis : {{tag>avisé}} |
* Commentaires : //Vous êtes en ligne de commande et voulez vous connecter à un réseau Wifi WPA. // | * Commentaires : //Vous êtes en ligne de commande et voulez vous connecter à un réseau Wifi WPA. // | ||
- | * Débutant, à savoir : [[manuel:le_debianiste_qui_papillonne|Utiliser GNU/Linux en ligne de commande, tout commence là !.]], [[:manuel:wifi|les bases du WiFi]] :-) | + | * Suivi : {{tag>à-tester,à-compléter}} |
- | * Suivi : {{tag>en-chantier à-tester}} (Pour choisir, voir les autres Tags possibles dans [[tuto:travaux|l'Atelier]].) | + | * Création par [[user>captnfab]] le 09/09/2013 |
- | * Création par **captnfab** 09/09/2013 | + | |
* Testé par <...> le <...> | * Testé par <...> le <...> | ||
- | * Commentaires sur le forum : [[http://debian-facile.org/viewtopic.php?id=7404]]((N'hésitez pas à y faire part de vos remarques, succès, améliorations ou échecs !)) | + | * Commentaires sur le forum : [[http://debian-facile.org/viewtopic.php?id=7404|ici]]((N'hésitez pas à y faire part de vos remarques, succès, améliorations ou échecs !)) |
- | |||
- | <note warning>Attention, ceci est un tuto non-testé, en cours de développement. À utiliser à vos risques et périls. Tous les retours restent néanmoins les bienvenus :)</note> | ||
===== Introduction ===== | ===== Introduction ===== | ||
Ligne 19: | Ligne 16: | ||
NetworkManager peut également être utilisé en mode console. Mais aujourd'hui, nous allons étudier ''wpasupplicant'' qui permet déjà de faire cela. | NetworkManager peut également être utilisé en mode console. Mais aujourd'hui, nous allons étudier ''wpasupplicant'' qui permet déjà de faire cela. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Avertissement ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | <note important>WPA Supplicant et NetworkManager peuvent entrer en conflit s'ils tentent tous deux de gérer la même interface.</note> | ||
+ | |||
===== Installation ===== | ===== Installation ===== | ||
- | <code bash>apt-get install wpasupplicant</code> | + | <code root>apt-get install wpasupplicant</code> |
===== Utilisation ===== | ===== Utilisation ===== | ||
- | ==== Configuration initiale ==== | + | ==== Tester wpa_supplicant ==== |
- | Dans un terminal root : | + | On supposera que ''wlan0'' est votre interface wifi. |
+ | |||
+ | On commence par tuer tous les processus ''wpa_supplicant'' tournant : | ||
+ | <code root>pkill wpa_supplicant</code> | ||
+ | |||
+ | On va, ensuite, lancer ''wpa_supplicant'' en mode debug dans un terminal : | ||
+ | <code root>wpa_supplicant -d -i wlan0 -c /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf</code> | ||
+ | <code>wpa_supplicant v2.4 | ||
+ | random: Trying to read entropy from /dev/random | ||
+ | Successfully initialized wpa_supplicant | ||
+ | Initializing interface 'wlan0' conf '/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf' driver 'default' ctrl_interface 'N/A' bridge 'N/A' | ||
+ | Configuration file '/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf' -> '/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf' | ||
+ | Reading configuration file '/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf' | ||
+ | ctrl_interface='DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev' | ||
+ | update_config=1 | ||
+ | rfkill: initial event: idx=0 type=1 op=0 soft=0 hard=0 | ||
+ | nl80211: Supported cipher 00-0f-ac:1 | ||
+ | nl80211: Supported cipher 00-0f-ac:5 | ||
+ | nl80211: Supported cipher 00-0f-ac:2 | ||
+ | nl80211: Supported cipher 00-0f-ac:4 | ||
+ | nl80211: Using driver-based off-channel TX | ||
+ | nl80211: Supported vendor command: vendor_id=0x1018 subcmd=1 | ||
+ | nl80211: Use separate P2P group interface (driver advertised support) | ||
+ | nl80211: Enable multi-channel concurrent (driver advertised support) | ||
+ | nl80211: use P2P_DEVICE support | ||
+ | nl80211: interface wlan0 in phy phy0 | ||
+ | nl80211: Set mode ifindex 3 iftype 2 (STATION) | ||
+ | nl80211: Subscribe to mgmt frames with non-AP handle 0x1f278a0 | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f278a0 match=040a | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f278a0 match=040b | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f278a0 match=040c | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f278a0 match=040d | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f278a0 match=090a | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f278a0 match=090b | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f278a0 match=090c | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f278a0 match=090d | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f278a0 match=0409506f9a09 | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f278a0 match=7f506f9a09 | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f278a0 match=0801 | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f278a0 match=06 | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f278a0 match=0a07 | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f278a0 match=0a11 | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f278a0 match=1101 | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f278a0 match=1102 | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f278a0 match=0505 | ||
+ | netlink: Operstate: ifindex=3 linkmode=1 (userspace-control), operstate=5 (IF_OPER_DORMANT) | ||
+ | nl80211: driver param='(null)' | ||
+ | Add interface wlan0 to a new radio phy0 | ||
+ | nl80211: Regulatory information - country=00 | ||
+ | nl80211: 2402-2472 @ 40 MHz 20 mBm | ||
+ | nl80211: 2457-2482 @ 20 MHz 20 mBm (no IR) | ||
+ | nl80211: 2474-2494 @ 20 MHz 20 mBm (no OFDM) (no IR) | ||
+ | nl80211: 5170-5250 @ 80 MHz 20 mBm (no IR) | ||
+ | nl80211: 5250-5330 @ 80 MHz 20 mBm (DFS) (no IR) | ||
+ | nl80211: 5490-5730 @ 160 MHz 20 mBm (DFS) (no IR) | ||
+ | nl80211: 5735-5835 @ 80 MHz 20 mBm (no IR) | ||
+ | nl80211: 57240-63720 @ 2160 MHz 0 mBm | ||
+ | nl80211: Added 802.11b mode based on 802.11g information | ||
+ | wlan0: Own MAC address: b8:27:eb:e6:99:85 | ||
+ | wpa_driver_nl80211_set_key: ifindex=3 (wlan0) alg=0 addr=(nil) key_idx=0 set_tx=0 seq_len=0 key_len=0 | ||
+ | wpa_driver_nl80211_set_key: ifindex=3 (wlan0) alg=0 addr=(nil) key_idx=1 set_tx=0 seq_len=0 key_len=0 | ||
+ | wpa_driver_nl80211_set_key: ifindex=3 (wlan0) alg=0 addr=(nil) key_idx=2 set_tx=0 seq_len=0 key_len=0 | ||
+ | wpa_driver_nl80211_set_key: ifindex=3 (wlan0) alg=0 addr=(nil) key_idx=3 set_tx=0 seq_len=0 key_len=0 | ||
+ | wpa_driver_nl80211_set_key: ifindex=3 (wlan0) alg=0 addr=(nil) key_idx=4 set_tx=0 seq_len=0 key_len=0 | ||
+ | wpa_driver_nl80211_set_key: ifindex=3 (wlan0) alg=0 addr=(nil) key_idx=5 set_tx=0 seq_len=0 key_len=0 | ||
+ | wlan0: RSN: flushing PMKID list in the driver | ||
+ | nl80211: Flush PMKIDs | ||
+ | wlan0: State: DISCONNECTED -> INACTIVE | ||
+ | TDLS: TDLS operation not supported by driver | ||
+ | TDLS: Driver uses internal link setup | ||
+ | TDLS: Driver does not support TDLS channel switching | ||
+ | wlan0: WPS: UUID based on MAC address: 60cae311-882e-53bf-8315-b2b6a452bd35 | ||
+ | ENGINE: Loading dynamic engine | ||
+ | ENGINE: Loading dynamic engine | ||
+ | EAPOL: SUPP_PAE entering state DISCONNECTED | ||
+ | EAPOL: Supplicant port status: Unauthorized | ||
+ | nl80211: Skip set_supp_port(unauthorized) while not associated | ||
+ | EAPOL: KEY_RX entering state NO_KEY_RECEIVE | ||
+ | EAPOL: SUPP_BE entering state INITIALIZE | ||
+ | EAP: EAP entering state DISABLED | ||
+ | ctrl_interface_group=108 (from group name 'netdev') | ||
+ | wlan0: Added interface wlan0 | ||
+ | wlan0: State: INACTIVE -> DISCONNECTED | ||
+ | nl80211: Set wlan0 operstate 0->0 (DORMANT) | ||
+ | netlink: Operstate: ifindex=3 linkmode=-1 (no change), operstate=5 (IF_OPER_DORMANT) | ||
+ | nl80211: Create interface iftype 10 (P2P_DEVICE) | ||
+ | nl80211: New P2P Device interface p2p-dev-wlan0 (0x9) created | ||
+ | Initializing interface 'p2p-dev-wlan0' conf '/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf' driver 'nl80211' ctrl_interface 'DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev' bridge 'N/A' | ||
+ | Configuration file '/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf' -> '/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf' | ||
+ | Reading configuration file '/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf' | ||
+ | ctrl_interface='DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev' | ||
+ | update_config=1 | ||
+ | rfkill: initial event: idx=0 type=1 op=0 soft=0 hard=0 | ||
+ | nl80211: Supported cipher 00-0f-ac:1 | ||
+ | nl80211: Supported cipher 00-0f-ac:5 | ||
+ | nl80211: Supported cipher 00-0f-ac:2 | ||
+ | nl80211: Supported cipher 00-0f-ac:4 | ||
+ | nl80211: Using driver-based off-channel TX | ||
+ | nl80211: Supported vendor command: vendor_id=0x1018 subcmd=1 | ||
+ | nl80211: Use separate P2P group interface (driver advertised support) | ||
+ | nl80211: Enable multi-channel concurrent (driver advertised support) | ||
+ | nl80211: use P2P_DEVICE support | ||
+ | nl80211: interface p2p-dev-wlan0 in phy phy0 | ||
+ | nl80211: Set mode ifindex 0 iftype 10 (P2P_DEVICE) | ||
+ | nl80211: Failed to set interface 0 to mode 10: -22 (Invalid argument) | ||
+ | nl80211: Subscribe to mgmt frames with non-AP handle 0x1f39390 | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f39390 match=040a | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f39390 match=040b | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f39390 match=040c | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f39390 match=040d | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f39390 match=090a | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f39390 match=090b | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f39390 match=090c | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f39390 match=090d | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f39390 match=0409506f9a09 | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f39390 match=7f506f9a09 | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f39390 match=0801 | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f39390 match=06 | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f39390 match=0a07 | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f39390 match=0a11 | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f39390 match=1101 | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f39390 match=1102 | ||
+ | nl80211: Register frame type=0xd0 (WLAN_FC_STYPE_ACTION) nl_handle=0x1f39390 match=0505 | ||
+ | nl80211: Start P2P Device p2p-dev-wlan0 (0x9): Success | ||
+ | nl80211: driver param='(null)' | ||
+ | Add interface p2p-dev-wlan0 to existing radio phy0 | ||
+ | nl80211: Regulatory information - country=00 | ||
+ | nl80211: 2402-2472 @ 40 MHz 20 mBm | ||
+ | nl80211: 2457-2482 @ 20 MHz 20 mBm (no IR) | ||
+ | nl80211: 2474-2494 @ 20 MHz 20 mBm (no OFDM) (no IR) | ||
+ | nl80211: 5170-5250 @ 80 MHz 20 mBm (no IR) | ||
+ | nl80211: 5250-5330 @ 80 MHz 20 mBm (DFS) (no IR) | ||
+ | nl80211: 5490-5730 @ 160 MHz 20 mBm (DFS) (no IR) | ||
+ | nl80211: 5735-5835 @ 80 MHz 20 mBm (no IR) | ||
+ | nl80211: 57240-63720 @ 2160 MHz 0 mBm | ||
+ | nl80211: Added 802.11b mode based on 802.11g information | ||
+ | p2p-dev-wlan0: Own MAC address: 72:0b:d0:09:94:79 | ||
+ | p2p-dev-wlan0: RSN: flushing PMKID list in the driver | ||
+ | nl80211: Flush PMKIDs | ||
+ | p2p-dev-wlan0: State: DISCONNECTED -> INACTIVE | ||
+ | p2p-dev-wlan0: WPS: UUID from the first interface: 60cae311-882e-53bf-8315-b2b6a452bd35 | ||
+ | ENGINE: Loading dynamic engine | ||
+ | ENGINE: Loading dynamic engine | ||
+ | EAPOL: SUPP_PAE entering state DISCONNECTED | ||
+ | EAPOL: Supplicant port status: Unauthorized | ||
+ | nl80211: Skip set_supp_port(unauthorized) while not associated | ||
+ | EAPOL: KEY_RX entering state NO_KEY_RECEIVE | ||
+ | EAPOL: SUPP_BE entering state INITIALIZE | ||
+ | EAP: EAP entering state DISABLED</code> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Scanner les points d'accès disponibles ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Dans un autre terminal, on va lancer l'interface commande ''wpa_cli'' : | ||
+ | <code root>wpa_cli -i wlan0</code> | ||
+ | <code root>wpa_cli v2.4 | ||
+ | Copyright (c) 2004-2015, Jouni Malinen <j@w1.fi> and contributors | ||
+ | |||
+ | This software may be distributed under the terms of the BSD license. | ||
+ | See README for more details. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Interactive mode | ||
+ | |||
+ | ></code> | ||
+ | <note warning>A partir d'ici, on se retrouve dans l'**interface commande de wpa_cli**.\\ | ||
+ | Le prompt ''>'' doit être affiché.</note> | ||
+ | Lancer un scan des points d'accès : | ||
+ | <code>> scan</code> | ||
+ | <code>OK | ||
+ | > | ||
+ | <3>CTRL-EVENT-SCAN-STARTED | ||
+ | > | ||
+ | <3>CTRL-EVENT-SCAN-RESULTS | ||
+ | > | ||
+ | <3>WPS-AP-AVAILABLE</code> | ||
+ | Afficher le résultat du scan : | ||
+ | <code>> scan_results</code> | ||
+ | <code>bssid / frequency / signal level / flags / ssid | ||
+ | 42:03:81:d1:d4:53 2457 -16 [WPA-EAP-CCMP][ESS] FreeWifi_secure | ||
+ | 42:03:81:d1:d4:50 2457 -16 [WPA-PSK-CCMP][ESS] | ||
+ | 42:03:81:d1:d4:51 2457 -17 [WPA2-PSK-CCMP][ESS] | ||
+ | f4:ca:e5:92:3f:58 2422 -64 [WPA-PSK-CCMP][ESS] Freebox-59C501 | ||
+ | f4:ca:e5:92:3f:5a 2422 -64 [WPA2-EAP-CCMP+TKIP][ESS] FreeWifi_secure | ||
+ | 00:19:70:7c:1e:d5 2437 -85 [WPA-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPA2-PSK-CCMP+TKIP][WPS][ESS] Livebox-9a79 | ||
+ | 42:03:81:d1:d4:52 2457 -16 [ESS] FreeWifi | ||
+ | f4:ca:e5:92:3f:59 2422 -64 [ESS] FreeWifi | ||
+ | 06:19:70:7c:1e:d5 2437 -87 [ESS] orange</code> | ||
+ | <code>> quit</code> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Configuration initiale ==== | ||
- | <code bash>cp /usr/share/doc/wpasupplicant/examples/wpa-roam.conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf | + | <code root>cp /usr/share/doc/wpasupplicant/examples/wpa-roam.conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf</code> |
- | chmod 0600 /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf</code> | + | <code root>chmod 0600 /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf</code> |
Dans le fichier ''/etc/network/interfaces'' : | Dans le fichier ''/etc/network/interfaces'' : | ||
- | <file bash> | + | <file text /etc/network/interfaces> |
allow-hotplug wlan0 | allow-hotplug wlan0 | ||
iface wlan0 inet manual | iface wlan0 inet manual | ||
Ligne 44: | Ligne 234: | ||
</file> | </file> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <note>Si vous n'arriviez pas à faire fonctionner votre carte avec le driver ''wext'', vous pouvez essayer avec le driver ''nl80211'' à la place.</note> | ||
==== Ajouter un réseau ==== | ==== Ajouter un réseau ==== | ||
- | Dans un terminal root : | + | <code root>wpa_passphrase votre-ssid votre-mot-de-passe >> /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf</code> |
- | <code bash>wpa_passphrase votre-ssid >> /etc/wpa/wpa_supplicant.conf</code> | + | en remplaçant ''votre-ssid'' par le nom de votre réseau Wifi et ''votre-mot-de-passe'' par votre mot de passe. |
- | en remplaçant ''votre-ssid'' par le nom de votre réseau Wifi. | + | |
+ | Ceci va ajouter l'entrée suivante à la fin de votre ''/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf'' : | ||
+ | <file text /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf>network={ | ||
+ | ssid="votre-ssid" | ||
+ | #psk="votre-mot-de-passe" | ||
+ | psk=360b2c805ecd920b79a370af532d2f7636bab7049ed2dc068c2dae17f5e1c38e | ||
+ | }</file> | ||
+ | |||
+ | Pensez à effacer la ligne avec votre mot de passe en clair ! | ||
=== Fixer des paramètres particulier pour un réseau === | === Fixer des paramètres particulier pour un réseau === | ||
- | Dans le fichier ''/etc/wpa/wpa_supplicant.conf'' : | + | Dans le fichier ''/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf'' : |
- | <code bash>network={ | + | <code text /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf>network={ |
ssid="wifi-maison" | ssid="wifi-maison" | ||
psk=123456789... | psk=123456789... | ||
Ligne 63: | Ligne 263: | ||
Dans le fichier ''/etc/network/interfaces'' : | Dans le fichier ''/etc/network/interfaces'' : | ||
- | <code bash># id_str="maison" | + | <code text /etc/network/interfaces># id_str="maison" |
iface maison inet static | iface maison inet static | ||
address 192.168.0.20 | address 192.168.0.20 | ||
Ligne 73: | Ligne 273: | ||
==== Redémarrer le wifi et chercher à se connecter à un réseau connu ==== | ==== Redémarrer le wifi et chercher à se connecter à un réseau connu ==== | ||
- | <code bash>wpa_cli reconfigure</code> | ||
+ | Tapez la comande suivant dans un terminal root : | ||
+ | <code root>wpa_cli reconfigure</code> | ||
+ | |||
+ | Vous devriez alors lire un message semblable à celui-ci : | ||
+ | |||
+ | Selected interface 'wlan0' | ||
+ | OK | ||
===== Sources ===== | ===== Sources ===== | ||
* ''/usr/share/doc/wpasupplicant/README.Debian.gz'' | * ''/usr/share/doc/wpasupplicant/README.Debian.gz'' | ||
* #debian@oftc.net (irc anglophone) | * #debian@oftc.net (irc anglophone) |